Organic light-emitting device

ABSTRACT

Provided is an organic light-emitting device with a blue emission layer. The blue emission layer is an emission layer that emits blue light by a fluorescent emission mechanism. The blue emission layer includes a compound represented by Formula 4 below:

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

This application is a continuation in part of U.S. application Ser. No.14/752,209, filed on Jun. 26, 2015, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 14/265,634, filed on Apr. 30, 2014, now U.S. Pat.No. 9,093,650, issued on Jul. 28, 2015, incorporates by reference thesame herein, and claims all benefits accruing under 35 U.S.C. §120. U.S.application Ser. No. 14/265,634 makes reference to, incorporates byreference, and claims all benefits accruing under 35 U.S.C. §119 from anapplication earlier filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office onAug. 2, 2013 and there duly assigned Serial No. 10-2013-0092248. Thisapplication also incorporates KR 10-2013-0092248 by reference in itsentirety as well.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

One or more embodiments of the present invention relate to organiclight-emitting devices.

2. Description of the Related Art

Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are self-emitting devices thathave advantages such as wide viewing angles, excellent contrast, quickresponse time, and excellent brightness, driving voltage, and responsespeed characteristics, and can provide multicolored images.

An OLED has a structure including a first electrode, a hole-transportinglayer (HTL), an emission layer (EML), an electron-transporting layer(ETL), and a second electrode, which are sequentially stacked on asubstrate.

Holes injected from the first electrode move to the EML via the HTL, andelectrons injected from the second electrode move to the EML via theETL. Carriers such as the holes and the electrons recombine in the EMLto generate excitons. When excitons drop from an excited state to theground state, light is emitted.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One or more embodiments of the present invention include an organiclight-emitting device having a novel structure.

Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description whichfollows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may belearned by practice of the presented embodiments.

According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, anorganic light-emitting device (OLED) includes:

a first electrode;

a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode;

a blue emission layer (EML) disposed between the first electrode and thesecond electrode;

a hole-transporting region disposed between the first electrode and theblue EML;

an electron-transporting region disposed between the blue EML and thesecond electrode; and

an interlayer disposed between the blue EML and the hole-transportingregion, wherein

the interlayer includes a compound represented by Formula 9 below,

a thickness of the interlayer is about 5 nm to about 20 nm, and

the blue EML includes a compound represented by Formula 4 below.

In Formulae 9 and 4,

Ar₁₁, Ar₁₂, Ar₁₃, Ar₁₁₁, and Ar₁₁₂ are each independently selected froma substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ heteroarylene group;

c1 to c3 are each independently an integer of 1 to 5;

Ar₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆ are each independently selected from a hydrogen, adeuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, or—Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅) (wherein, Q₁ to Q₅ are each independently selected froma C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or aC₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group);

R₃₁ to R₃₆ are each independently,

a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group and a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group; or

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group and a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, each substituted withat least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group,a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a phenylcarbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or anisoquinolinyl group,

A₁ is anthracene or pyrene, and

g, h, i, and j are each independently an integer of 0 to 4,

provided that, the case of g, h, i, and j being 0 is excluded.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more complete appreciation of the invention, and many of the attendantadvantages thereof, will be readily apparent as the same becomes betterunderstood by reference to the following detailed description whenconsidered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which likereference symbols indicate the same or similar components, wherein:

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a structure of an organiclight-emitting device according to an embodiment of this invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of whichare illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like referencenumerals refer to the like elements throughout. In this regard, thepresent embodiments may have different forms and should not be construedas being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, theembodiments are merely described below, by referring to the figures, toexplain aspects of the present description. As used herein, the term“and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of theassociated listed items. Expressions such as “at least one of,” whenpreceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and donot modify the individual elements of the list.

An organic light-emitting device (OLED) of FIG. 1 has a structure inwhich a first electrode, a hole-transporting region, an interlayer, ablue emission layer (EML), an electron-transporting region, and a secondelectrode are sequentially layered.

In FIG. 1, the first electrode is an anode that injects holes, and thesecond electrode is a cathode that injects electrons.

Although not shown in FIG. 1, a substrate may be further provided on thebottom of the first electrode or the top of the second electrode.

The substrate may be any substrate that is used in existing OLEDs suchas a glass substrate or a transparent plastic substrate having strongmechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surfacesmoothness, ease of handling, and water resistance.

When the substrate is provided on the bottom of the first electrode, thefirst electrode may be prepared by providing a material for the firstelectrode on the substrate through a deposition method or a sputteringmethod. As the first electrode material, a material having a high workfunction may be selected to facilitate hole injection.

The first electrode may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissionelectrode, or a transmission electrode. When the substrate is providedon the bottom of the first electrode and the first electrode is areflective electrode, the OLED of FIG. 1 may be a top emission typeOLED, and when the substrate is provided on the bottom of the firstelectrode and the first electrode is a semi-transmission electrode or atransmission electrode, the OLED of FIG. 1 may be a bottom-emission typeor a dual-emission type OLED.

A material for the first electrode may be a material having transparencyand conductive capabilities such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zincoxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO₂), and zinc oxide (ZnO). In otherembodiments, metals such as magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al),aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In),magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag) may be used to form the first electrode, butthe first electrode material is not limited thereto.

The first electrode may have a single layer or a multi-layer structure.For example, the first electrode may have a three-layered structure ofITO/Ag/ITO, but the first electrode is not limited thereto.

Meanwhile, a second electrode is disposed opposite to the firstelectrode. A material for the second electrode may be a metal, an alloy,an electro-conductive compound, which have a low work function, or acombination thereof. For example, the second electrode may be formed oflithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum lithium (Al—Li),calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag), or thelike, but the material for the second electrode material is not limitedthereto. In some embodiments, to manufacture a top-emission type OLED, atransmission second electrode may be formed of indium tin oxide (ITO) orindium zinc oxide (IZO).

A blue EML is disposed between the first electrode and the secondelectrode, wherein a hole-transporting region is disposed between thefirst electrode and the blue EML, an electron-transporting region isdisposed between the blue EML and the second electrode, and aninterlayer is disposed between the blue EML and the hole-transportingregion.

The hole-transporting region may include i) a hole-transporting layer(HTL), and ii) a hole-injecting layer (HIL) disposed between the HTL andthe first electrode.

Meanwhile, the electron-transporting region may include i) anelectron-transporting layer (ETL), and ii) an electron-injecting layer(EIL) disposed between the ETL and the second electrode.

In the OLED of FIG. 1, holes are injected through the first electrodeand move to the blue EML via the hole-transporting region and theinterlayer, electrons are injected through the second electrode and moveto the blue EML via the electron-transporting region. The holes and theelectrons that reach the blue EML recombine in the EML to generateexitons, and light is generated as the exitons move from the excitedstate to the ground state.

The blue EML is an EML that emits blue light by a fluorescent emissionmechanism. The blue EML includes a compound represented by Formula 4below:

In Formula 4 Ar₁₁₁ to Ar₁₁₆ are as described below, A₁ is anthracene orpyrene, and g, h, i, and j are each independently an integer of 0 to 4,provided that the case of g, h, i, and j being 0 is excluded. Thecompound of Formula 4 may play a role of host in the blue EML. The blueEML may further include a dopant in addition to the compound.

The interlayer of the OLED of FIG. 1 directly contacts the blue EML andthe hole-transporting region.

The HIL included in the hole-transporting region may be formed on thefirst electrode by using various methods such as vacuum deposition, spincoating, casting, or Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition.

When the HIL is formed by using vacuum deposition, vacuum depositionconditions may vary according to the compound that is used to form theHIL, and the desired structure and thermal properties of the HIL to beformed. For example, vacuum deposition may be performed at a temperatureof about 100° C. to about 500° C., a pressure of about 10⁻⁸ torr toabout 10⁻³ torr, and a deposition rate of about 0.01 Å/sec to about 100Å/sec. However, the deposition conditions are not limited thereto.

When the HIL is formed by using spin coating, the coating conditions mayvary according to the compound that is used to form the HIL, and thedesired structure and thermal properties of the HIL to be formed. Forexample, the coating rate may be in a range of about 2000 rpm to about5000 rpm, and a temperature at which heat treatment is performed toremove a solvent after coating may be in a range of about 80° C. toabout 200° C. However, the coating conditions are not limited thereto.

The HIL may be formed of any known material suitable for an HIL, andnon-limiting examples of the material to form the HIL areN,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-bis-[4-(phenyl-m-tolyl-amino)-phenyl]-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine(DNTPD); a phthalocyanine compound such as copper phthalocyanine;4,4′,4″-tris (3-methylphenylphenylamino) triphenylamine (m-MTDATA),N,N′-di(1-naphthyl-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine (NPB), TDATA, 2-TNATA,polyaniline/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (Pani/DBSA),poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS),polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid (Pani/CSA), and(polyaniline)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI/PSS):

A thickness of the HIL may be about 100 Å to about 10000 Å, and in someembodiments, may be from about 100 Å to about 1000 Å. When the thicknessof the HIL is within these ranges, the HIL may have good hole-injectingability without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

Then, an HTL is formed on the first electrode (on the HIL, when the HILis formed) which can be by using various methods such as vacuumdeposition, spin coating, casting, and LB deposition to form ahole-transporting region, and then an interlayer and a blue EML aresequentially formed thereon. When the HTL, the interlayer, and the blueEML are formed by using vacuum deposition and spin coating, thedeposition and coating conditions may be similar to those for theformation of the HIL, though the conditions for deposition and coatingmay vary according to the compound that is used to form the HTL.

Non-limiting examples of known hole-transporting materials may include,for example, carbazole derivatives such as N-phenylcarbazole;N,N′-bis(3-methyl phenyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-[1,1-biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine(TPD), 4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine (TCTA), andN,N′-di(1-naphthyl-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine) (NPB).

A thickness of the HTL may be from about 50 Å to about 2000 Å, and insome embodiments, may be from about 100 Å to about 1500 Å. When thethickness of the HTL is within these ranges, the HTL may have goodhole-transporting ability without a substantial increase in drivingvoltage.

Meanwhile, the hole-transporting region may include at least one of acompound represented by Formula 2 below or a compound represented byFormula 3 below.

In Formula 2,

Ar₁ to Ar₃ are each independently selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup;

a1 to a3 are each independently an integer of 0 to 5;

R₁ to R₈ are each independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group;

b1 and b4 are each independently an integer of 1 to 4; and

b2 and b3 are each independently an integer of 1 to 3.

For example, when the hole-transporting region includes an HIL and HTLsequentially layered on the first electrode, the HIL may include acompound represented by Formula 3 and the HTL may include a compoundrepresented by Formula 2, but the hole-transporting region is notlimited thereto.

In Formula 3, R₁₂₁ to R₁₂₄ may be each independently selected from ahydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, or a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group.

Further descriptions of Formulae 2 and 3 are as provided below.

A thickness of the hole-transporting region is about 100 Å to about20000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 5000 Å. When the thickness ofthe hole-transporting region is in the range described above, a goodhole injecting ability without substantial increase in driving voltagemay be obtained.

The interlayer includes the first compound represented by Formula 9below:

In Formulae 9 and 4,

Ar₁₁, Ar₁₂, Ar₁₃, Ar₁₁₁, and Ar₁₁₂ are selected from a substituted orunsubstituted cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a C₃-C₁₀ substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup;

c1 to c3 are each independently an integer of 1 to 5;

Ar₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆ are each independently selected from a hydrogen, adeuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, and—Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅) (wherein, Q₃ to Q₅ are each independently selected froma C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and aC₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group); and

R₃₁ to R₃₆ are each independently,

a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group and a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group; or

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group and a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, each substituted withat least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group,a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a phenylcarbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or anisoquinolinyl group.

Further description of Formula 9 is provided below.

According to one embodiment, the interlayer may include the firstcompound represented by Formula 9-1 below:

In Formulae 9-1, descriptions for Ar₁₁ to Ar₁₃, c1 to c3 and R₃₁ to R₃₅are same as the descriptions for Formula 9.

According to other embodiment, the interlayer may include the firstcompound represented by Formula 9-1A below:

In Formulae 9-1A, descriptions for R₃₁ to R₃₅ are same as in Formula 9and definitions for Z_(1a) to Z_(1c) are same as definitions for Z₁ inthis disclosure.

For example, Z_(1a) to Z_(c) in Formula 9-1A may be each independentlyselected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group,a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group.

A thickness of the interlayer is in a range of about 5 nm to about 20nm.

For example, a thickness of the interlayer may be about 8 nm to about 11nm, but the thickness is not limited thereto.

A highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) value of the interlayerincluding the first compound represented by Formula 9 has a valuebetween a HOMO value of the hole-transporting region and a HOMO value ofthe host in the EML. Accordingly, a hole-transporting rate may beeffectively controlled by the interlayer, so that an OLED including theinterlayer may have high emission efficiency. Also, by including theinterlayer having the thickness in the above-described range, an OLEDwithout an increase in driving voltage may be obtained.

For example in Formulas 9, 9-1, 2, and 4, Ar₁ to Ar₃, Ar₁₁, Ar₁₂, Ar₁₃,Ar₁₁₁, and Ar₁₁₂ are each independently, a phenylene group, apentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, anazulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, anacenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, spiro-fluorenylene group, aphenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group,an fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group,a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, aperylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, apyrrolylene group, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, apyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, an isoindolylene group, an indolylene group, anindazolylene group, a purinylene group, a quinolinylene group,benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylenegroup, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylenegroup, a carbazolylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, anacridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, abenzooxazolylene group, a benzoimidazolylene group, a furanylene group,a benzofuranylene group, a thiophenylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, benzothiazolylenegroup, an isoxazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, a triazolylenegroup, a tetrazolylene group, an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylenegroup, a benzooxazolylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group,dibenzothiophenylene group, or a benzocarbazolyl group; or

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group,spiro-fluorenylene group, phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group,an anthracenylene group, an fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylenegroup, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylenegroup, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group,a hexacenylene group, a pyrrolylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a pyridinylene group, a pyrazinylene group, apyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, an isoindolylene group, anindolylene group, an indazolylene group, a purinylene group, aquinolinylene group, benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group,a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylenegroup, a cinnolinylene group, a carbazolylene group, aphenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylenegroup, a phenazinylene group, a benzooxazolylene group, abenzoimidazolylene group, a furanylene group, a benzofuranylene group, athiophenylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a thiazolylene group,an isothiazolylene group, benzothiazolylene group, an isoxazolylenegroup, an oxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylenegroup, an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylene group, a benzooxazolylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, and abenzocarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one of

a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, anda C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, each substituted withat least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group,a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group;

—N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), and —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are eachindependently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ arylgroup, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group).

For example, in Formula 9, 9-1, 2, and 4, Ar₁ to Ar₃, Ar₁₁, Ar₁₂, Ar₁₃,Ar₂₁, Ar₁₁₁, and Ar₁₁₂ may be each independently represented by Formulae10-1 to 10-24 below, but they are not limited thereto:

In Formulae 10-1 to 10-24,

Y₁ is O, S, C(R₂₁)(R₂₂), or N(R₂₃);

Z₁, Z₂, and R₂₁ to R₂₃ are each independently selected from a hydrogen,a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group and a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group and a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, each substituted withat least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group,a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group; or

—N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂) and —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are eachindependently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ arylgroup, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group);

d1 is an integer of 1 to 4;

d2 is an integer of 1 to 3;

d3 is an integer of 1 to 6;

d4 is an integer of 1 to 8;

d5 is an integer of 1 or 2; and

* and *′ represent connections to Formulas 9, 9-1, 2 or 4.

For example, Z₁, Z₂, and R₂₁ to R₂₃ are each independently,

a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, or an isoquinolinyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, and an isoquinolinyl group, each substituted with at least one ofa deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenylfluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group;

—N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), and —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are eachindependently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, adimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group); but, they are not limitedthereto.

In Formulae 10-1 to 10-24, d1 is an integer of 1 to 4; d2 is an integerof 1 to 3; d3 is an integer of 1 to 6; d4 is an integer of 1 to 8; andd5 may be 1 or 2. For example, d1, d2, d3, and d4 may be 1 or 2.

According to an embodiment, in Formulae 2 and 4, Ar₁ to Ar₃, Ar₁₁, Ar₁₂,Ar₁₃, Ar₂₁, Ar₁₁₁, and Ar₁₁₂ may be each independently represented byone of Formulae 11-1 to 11-11 below, but they are not limited thereto:

Where * and *′ represent connections to Formula 2 or 4.

In Formula 2, a1 is the number of Ar′₁s, a2 is the number of Ar′₂s, a3is the number of Ar₃s. a1 to a3 may be each independently an integer of0 to 5, for example, an integer of 0 to 3. When a1 and/or a2 is 0,“carbazole” and/or “fluorene” of Formula 1 may be directly connected to“N”. When a1 is 2 or greater, the two or more of Ar′₁s may be the sameor different. When a2 is 2 or greater, the two or more Ar′₂s may be thesame or different. When a3 is 2 or greater, the two or more Ar′₃s may bethe same or different.

In Formula 4, g represents the number of Ar′₁₁₁s, h represents thenumber of Ar′₁₁₂, i represents the number of Ar₁₁₅s, and j representsthe number of Ar′₁₁₆s. When g is 2 or greater, a plurality of Ar′₁₁₁smay be the same or different. When h is 2 or greater, a plurality ofAr′₁₁₂s may be the same or different. When i is 2 or greater, aplurality of Ar′₁₁₅s may be the same or different. When j is 2 orgreater, a plurality of Ar′₁₁₆s may be the same or different.

According to an embodiment, in Formula 2 i) a1=0 and a2=0; ii) a1=1 anda2=0; iii) a1=2 and a2=0; iv) a1=0 and a2=1; v) a1=0 and a2=2; or vi)a1=1 and a2=1.

In Formulas 9 and 9-1, c1 represents the number of Ar′₁₁s, c2 representsthe number of Ar′₁₂s and c3 represents the number of Ar′₁₃s. c1 to c3are each independently an integer of 1 to 5, for example, 1, 2, or 3.When c1 is 2 or greater, the two or more Ar′₁₁s may be the same ordifferent. When c2 is 2 or greater, the two or more Ar′₁₂s may be thesame or different. When c3 is 2 or greater, the two or more Ar′₁₃s maybe the same or different.

In Formulae 2, and 4,

R₁, R₂, and R₄ to R₈, are each independently a hydrogen, a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, —N(Q₁)(Q₂), or —Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅) (wherein, Q₁ to Q₅ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group,a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group); and

R₃, and Ar₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆ are each independently selected from a hydrogen,a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, or—Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅) (wherein, Q₁ to Q₅ are each independently selected froma C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and aC₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group).

In Formulae 2, and 4, R₁ to R₈, and Ar₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆ are eachindependently selected from

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, aphenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolylgroup, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group,benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a furanyl group, a benzofuranyl group, athiophenyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolylgroup, a triazinyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group,a dibenzothiophenyl group, or a benzocarbazolyl group; or

a phenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group,an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, anacenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, aphenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, apentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolylgroup, a pyrazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolylgroup, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, acarbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, aphenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, abenzoimidazolyl group, a furanyl group, a benzofuranyl group, athiophenyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a thiazolyl group, anisothiazolyl group, a benzothiazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, anoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolylgroup, a triazinyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group,a dibenzothiophenyl group, or a benzocarbazolyl group, each substitutedwith at least one of

a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, each substituted withat least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group,a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group;

—N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), or —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are eachindependently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ arylgroup, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group).

For example, in Formulae 2 and 4, R₃ to R₈, and Ar₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆ may beeach independently represented by Formulae 12-1 to 12-22 below:

In Formulae 12-1 to 12-22,

Y₂ is O, S, C(R₂₅)(R₂₆), or N(R₂₇);

Z₁₁ to Z₁₄, and R₂₅ to R₂₇ are each independently selected from,

a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, each substituted withat least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group,a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group; and

—N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂) or —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are eachindependently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ arylgroup, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group);

e1 may be an integer of 1 to 5;

e2 may be an integer of 1 to 7;

e3 may be an integer of 1 to 3;

e4 may be an integer of 1 to 4; and

e5 may be an integer of 1 or 2

and wherein * represents a connection to Formulas 2 or 4.

According to another embodiment, in Formulae 2 and 4, R₃ to R₈, andAr₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆ may be each independently represented by Formulae 13-1 to13-19 below, but they are not limited thereto:

In Formulae 13-1 to 13-19, descriptions of Z_(11a) to Z_(11c) are asdescribed in the description of Z₁₁ above and * represents a connectionwith Formulas 9, 2 or 4.

For example, in Formulae 13-1 to 13-19, Z_(11a) to Z_(11c), R₂₅, and R₂₆may be each independently selected from,

a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, or an isoquinolinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, and an isoquinolinyl group, each substituted with at least one ofa deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenylfluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group.

According to another embodiment, in Formulae 9, 9-1 and 9-1A above, R₃₁to R₃₆ may be each independently selected from,

a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, adiphenyl fluorenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group.

In Formula 2 above, b1 is the number of R′₅s, b2 is the number of R′₆s,b3 is the number of R′₇s, and b4 is the number of R′₈s. b1, and b4 areeach independently an integer of 1 to 4, and b2, and b3 are eachindependently an integer of 1 to 3.

According to another embodiment, in Formulae 9, 9-1 and 9-1A, R₃₁ to R₃₆may be each independently selected from:

a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, and a nitro group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and apyridinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and apyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group.

According to another embodiment, in Formulae 9, 9-1 and 9-1A, R₃₁ to R₃₆may be each independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and adibenzothiophenyl group.

In one embodiment, in Formulae 9 and 9-1,

Ar₁₁ to Ar₁₃ may be each independently represented by one of Formulae10-1 and 10-2, in which Z₁ is not —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂) (for example, one ofFormulae 11-1 to 11-4);

c1 and c2 may be 1;

c3 may be 1 or 2;

R₃₁ to R₃₆ are each independently selected from:

a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, and a nitro group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and apyridinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and apyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group.

The compound of Formula 2 may be represented by Formulas 2A(1) or 2B(1)below, but the compound of Formula 2 is not limited thereto:

In Formulae 2A(1) and 2B(1) above, R₁ to R₄, Ar₁ to Ar₃, a1, a2, and a3are the same as described above.

According to an embodiment, the compound of Formula 9 may include atleast one of Compounds 721 to 730, but the first compound is not limitedthereto:

Meanwhile, the compound of Formula 2 may include at least one ofCompounds 309 to 320, but the second compound is not limited thereto:

In Formula 3, R₁₂₁ to R₁₂₄ may be each independently selected from ahydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, or a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group.

For example, R₁₂₁ to R₁₂₄ are each independently,

a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀alkyl group (for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propylgroup, a butyl group, a pentyl group, and a hexyl group), or a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group (for example, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxygroup, a butoxy group, and a pentoxy group);

a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, and a pyrenyl group; or

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenylgroup, and a pyrenyl group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, anda C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group; but, they are not limited thereto.

The compound of Formula 3 may include at least one of Compounds 301 to308, but they are not limited thereto.

According to an embodiment, in Formula 4 above,

Ar₁₁₁ and Ar₁₁₂ are each independently a phenylene group, a naphthylenegroup, a phenanthrenylene group, or a pyrenylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, afluorenyl group, and a pyrenylene group, each substituted with at leastone of a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or an anthracenyl group;

Ar₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆ may be each independently selected from,

a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group substituted with at least one of a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group,a phenanthrenyl group, and a fluorenyl group;

a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group,a phenanthrenyl group, and a fluorenyl group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, apyrenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, and a fluorenyl group; or

but, they are not limited thereto.

According to another embodiment, the compound of Formula 4 may be anyone of the following compounds, but the compound of Formula 4 is notlimited thereto:

At least one substituent of the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group,the substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylenegroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀heteroarylene group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, thesubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, thesubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group,the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenylgroup, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, and the substitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group may be selected from

a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, ora C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, or a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, and a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, adimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group; and —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), or—Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are each independently selectedfrom a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group,or a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group).

As used herein, detailed examples of an unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group(or a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group) include a linear or a branched C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, pentyl,iso-amyl, and hexyl, and at least one substituent of the substitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group may be selected from a deuterium, a halogen atom, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or asalt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkynyl group, or a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, or a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, and a C₂-C₆₀heteroaryl group, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, adimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group; and —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂); and—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃) (wherein, Q₁₁, and Q₁₂ are each independently aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group, or a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and Q₁₃ to Q₁₅ are eachindependently a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, or a C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group); but, they are not limited thereto.

As used herein, an unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group (or the C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group) has a formula of —OA (wherein, A is the unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkyl group as described above), and specific examples of theunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group include methoxy, ethoxy, andiso-propyloxy, and at least one hydrogen atom of the alkoxy group may besubstituted with the substituents described above in conjunction withthe substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

As used herein, an unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group (or the C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group) has at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the middleof or at a terminal of a C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group. Examples of theunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group include ethenyl, propenyl, andbutenyl. At least one hydrogen atom of the unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenylgroup may be substituted with the substituents described above inconjunction with the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

As used herein, an unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group (or the C₂-C₆₀alkynyl group) has at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in the middleof or at a terminal of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group described above. Examplesof the C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group include ethynyl and propynyl. At least onehydrogen atom of the alkynyl group may be substituted with thesubstituents described above in conjunction with the substituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group.

As used herein, an unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group is a monovalent grouphaving a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atomsincluding at least one aromatic ring, and an unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group is a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic systemhaving 6 to 60 carbon atoms including at least one aromatic ring. Whenthe unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group and the unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylenegroup include at least two rings, two or more rings may be fused to eachother. At least one hydrogen atom of the unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl groupand the unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group may be substituted with thosesubstituents described above in conjunction with the substituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group.

Examples of a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group include aphenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl phenyl group (for example, an ethyl phenylgroup), a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl biphenyl group (for example, an ethyl biphenylgroup), a halophenyl group (for example, an o-, m-, and p-fluorophenylgroup and a dichlorophenyl group), a dicyanophenyl group, atrifluoromethoxy phenyl group, an o-, m-, and p-tolyl group, an o-, m-,and p-cumenyl group, a mesityl group, a phenoxy phenyl group, an(α,α-dimethyl benzene)phenyl group, an (N,N′-dimethyl)aminophenyl group,an (N,N′-diphenyl)aminophenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenylgroup, a naphthyl group, a halonaphthyl group (for example, afluoronaphthyl group), a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl naphthyl group (for example, amethyl naphthyl group), a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy naphthyl group (for example, amethoxy naphthyl group), an anthracenyl group, an azulenyl group, aheptalenyl group, an acenaphthylenyl group, a phenalenyl group, afluorenyl group, an anthraquinolinyl group, a methyl anthracenyl group,a phenanthryl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, an ethyl-chrysenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, achloroperylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a pentacenyl group, atetraphenylenyl group, a hexaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coroneryl group, a trinaphthylenyl group, aheptaphenyl group, a heptacenyl group, a pyranthrenyl group, and anovalenyl group, and examples of the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group may beinferred based on the substituents described above in conjunction withthe substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group. Examples of the substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group may be recognized based on theexamples of the substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group.

As used herein, an unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group is a monovalentgroup having a system formed of at least one aromatic ring that includesat least one heteroatom selected from N, O, P, and S as ring-formingatoms and carbon atoms as other ring atoms, and an unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀heteroarylene group is a divalent group having a system formed of atleast one aromatic ring that includes at least one heteroatom selectedfrom N, O, P, and S as ring-forming atoms and carbon atoms as other ringatoms. Here, when the unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and theunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylene group include two or more rings, thetwo or more rings may be fused to each other. At least one hydrogen atomof the unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and the unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ heteroarylene group may be substituted with those substituentsdescribed above in conjunction with the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

Examples of the unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group include apyrazolyl group, an imidazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, a thiazolylgroup, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, a quinolinyl group, anisoquinolinyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group,an imidazopyrimidinyl group. Examples of the unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀heteroarylene group may be recognized based on the examples of asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ arylene group.

The substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group is —OA₂ (wherein,A₂ is a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group) and thesubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group is —SA₃ (wherein, A₃is the substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group).

At least one of the hole-transporting region and interlayer may furtherinclude a p-dopant.

The amount of additional p-dopant may be selected from the range ofabout 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt %, for example, about 0.5 wt % to about 15wt % based on 100 wt % of the total weight of the hole-transportingregion and the interlayer, respectively. When the amount of theadditional p-dopant is in the range above, an excess injection of theholes from the first electrode to the blue EML may be prevented toimprove the lifespan of an OLED.

The p-dopant may be selected from materials that facilitatehole-transportation.

For example, the p-dopant may be one of a quinone derivative, a metaloxide, and a cyano group-containing compound, but is not limitedthereto. Non-limiting examples of the p-dopant are quinone derivativessuch as tetracyanoquinonedimethane (TCNQ) and2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-tetracyano-1,4-benzoquinonedimethane (F4-TCNQ);metal oxides such as tungsten oxide and molybdenum oxide; andcyano-group-containing compounds such as Compound 200 below.

The blue EML is a host and may further include a dopant in addition tothe fourth compound represented by Formula 4 described above. The dopantmay be a blue fluorescent dopant that emits blue light according to afluorescent emission mechanism.

An amine-based compound represented by Formula 500 below may be used asthe dopant.

Ar₂₀₀—[N(Ar₂₀₁)(Ar₂₀₂)]_(x1)  <Formula 500>

In Formula 500,

Ar₂₀₀ is selected from anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, phenanthrene, andbenzofluorene; and

anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, phenanthrene, and benzofluorene, eachsubstituted with at least one of,

a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, orC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, and a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof;

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group; and

a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, each substituted withat least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group,a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group.

Descriptions of Ar₂₀₁ and Ar₂₀₂ are each independently referred to inthe description of Ar₁₁.

x1 is an integer of 1 to 3, for example, 1 or 2.

For example, in Formula 500, Ar₂₀₁ and Ar₂₀₂ may be each independentlyrepresented by one of Formulae 12-1 to 12-22 above, but they are notlimited thereto.

When the blue EML includes the host (a compound of Formula 4) and thedopant, the amount of the dopant may be selected from a range of about0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts byweight of the host, but the amount is not limited thereto.

A thickness of the blue EML may be about 100 Å to about 1000 Å, forexample, about 200 Å to about 600 Å. When the thickness of the blue EMLsatisfies the range above, the blue EML may show excellent emissioncharacteristics without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

When the electron-transporting region includes an ETL, the ETL may beformed on the blue EML by using any of a variety of methods, forexample, vacuum deposition, spin coating, and casting. When the ETL isformed by using vacuum deposition or spin coating, the deposition andcoating conditions may be similar to those for the formation of the HIL,though the deposition and coating conditions may vary according to amaterial that is used to form the ETL.

Any known electron transporting material that may stably transportelectrons injected from the second electrode may be used as an ETLmaterial. Non-limiting examples of the ETL material are quinolinederivatives such as tris(8-quinolinorate)aluminum (Alq₃), TAZ (seeFormula below), BAlq (see Formula below), berylliumbis(benzoquinolin-10-olate) (Bebq₂), 9,10-di(naphthalene-2-yl)anthracene(ADN) (see Formula below), Compound 201, and Compound 202, but the ETLmaterial is not limited thereto.

A thickness of the ETL may be about 100 Å to about 1000 Å, for example,about 150 Å to about 500 Å. When the thickness of the ETL is within therange above, the ETL may have good electron transporting ability withouta substantial increase in driving voltage.

The ETL may further include a metal-containing material in addition tothe electron-transporting organic compound described above.

The metal-containing material may include a Li complex. Non-limitingexamples of the Li complex include lithium quinolate (LiQ) and Compound203:

When the electron-transporting region includes an EIL, the EIL may beformed on the ETL. A material for forming the EIL may be a knownmaterial for forming the EIL such as LiF, NaCl, CsF, Li₂O, or BaO. Thedeposition and coating conditions for forming the EIL may be similar tothose for the formation of the HIL, though the deposition and coatingconditions may vary according to the compound that is used to form theEIL.

A thickness of the EIL may be from about 1 Å to about 100 Å, and in someembodiments, may be from about 3 Å to about 90 Å. When the thickness ofthe EIL is within these ranges, the EIL may have satisfactory electroninjecting ability without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

A second electrode is disposed on the EIL. A material for forming thesecond electrode may be a metal, an alloy, an electro-conductivecompound, which have a low work function, or a combination thereof. Ingreater detail, lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum(Al-lithium), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), magnesium-silver(Mg—Ag), or the like may be used as the material for forming the secondelectrode. In some embodiments, to manufacture a top-emissionlight-emitting device, a transmission-type second electrode may beformed of indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

The OLED has been described with reference to FIG. 1, but the OLED isnot limited thereto.

For example, a HBL may be formed between the EML and the ETL by usingvacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, LB deposition, or the like, inorder to prevent diffusion of triplet excitons or holes into the ETL.When the HBL is formed by using vacuum deposition or spin coating, theconditions for deposition and coating may be similar to those for theformation of the HIL, although the conditions for deposition and coatingmay vary according to the material that is used to form the HBL. Knownhole blocking materials may be used, and examples of these hole blockingmaterials include oxadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, andphenanthroline derivatives. For example, BCP, as shown below, may beused as a hole blocking layer material.

A thickness of the HBL may be from about 20 Å to about 1000 Å, and insome embodiments, may be from about 30 Å to about 300 Å. When thethickness of the HBL is within these ranges, the HBL may have improvedhole blocking ability without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

To evaluate efficiency, driving voltage, brightness, and color purity ofthe OLED, an OLED 11 was manufactured according to the method describedbelow.

An ITO glass substrate was cut to a size of 50 mm×50 mm×0.5 mm, and theITO glass substrate was ultrasonically washed using isopropyl alcoholand pure water for 30 minutes each, followed by irradiation by UV andexposure to ozone for cleaning for about 10 minutes. Compound 301 wasvacuum deposited on the ITO glass substrate to form an HIL having athickness of 600 Å, and NPB was vacuum deposited on the HIL to form anHTL having a thickness of 550 Å, thereby forming a hole-transportingregion. Thereafter, Compound 722 was vacuum deposited on thehole-transporting region to form an interlayer having a thickness of 50Å (5 nm), and then Compound H1 and Compound D1 (wherein TMS in CompoundD1 represents trimethylsilyl group) were co-deposited in a weight ratioof 200:3 to form a blue EML having a thickness of 200 Å. Compound 201was vacuum deposited on the blue EML in a thickness of 300 Å to form anETL, and LiQ was vacuum deposited on the ETL to form an EIL having athickness of 10 Å, and then Mg and Ag were vacuum deposited in athickness of 120 Å on the EIL, to form a second electrode, sequentially,thereby manufacturing the OLED 11.

OLEDs 12 to 15 were manufactured in the same manner as OLED 11 exceptthat the thickness of the interlayer was changed to 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm,and 3 nm, respectively.

Meanwhile, OLED 6 was manufactured in the same manner as OLED 1 exceptthat the interlayer was not formed.

As described above, according to the one or more of the aboveembodiments of the present invention, the OLED has a low drivingvoltage, high brightness, and high efficiency. By using the OLED, asuperior high definition display device may be manufactured.

It should be understood that the exemplary embodiments described hereinshould be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes oflimitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodimentshould typically be considered as available for other similar featuresor aspects in other embodiments.

While one or more embodiments of the present invention have beendescribed with reference to the figures, it will be understood by thoseof ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and detailsmay be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of thepresent invention as defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An organic light-emitting device comprising: afirst electrode; a second electrode disposed opposite to the firstelectrode; a blue emission layer disposed between the first electrodeand the second electrode; a hole-transporting region disposed betweenthe first electrode and the blue emission layer; anelectron-transporting region disposed between the blue emission layerand the second electrode; and an interlayer disposed between the blueemission layer and the hole-transporting region; wherein the interlayercomprises a compound represented by Formula 9 below, thehole-transporting region comprises at least one selected from a compoundrepresented by Formula 2 below and a compound represented by Formula 3below, and the blue emission layer comprises a compound represented byFormula 4 below

wherein, in Formulae 9, 3, and 4, Ar₁₁, Ar₁₂, Ar₁₃, Ar₁₁₁, and Ar₁₁₂ areeach independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup; c1 to c3 are each independently an integer of 1 to 5; Ar₁₁₃ toAr₁₁₆ are each independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxyl acid groupor a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoricacid or a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, or—Si(Q₃)(Q₄)(Q₅) (wherein, Q₃ to Q₅ are each independently selected froma C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, and aC₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group); R₃₁ to R₃₆ are each independently: a hydrogen,a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof; aC₆-C₂₀ aryl group and a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group; or a C₆-C₂₀ aryl groupand a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, adimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a phenylcarbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or anisoquinolinyl group, A₁ is anthracene or pyrene, g, h, i, and j are eachindependently an integer of 0 to 4, provided that, the case of g, h, i,and j being 0 is excluded, and wherein, in Formula 2, Ar₁ to Ar₃ areeach independently selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup; a1 to a3 are each independently an integer of 0 to 5; R₁ to R₈are each independently selected from hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogenatom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or asalt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, ora substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ heteroaryl group; b1 and b4 areeach independently an integer of 1 to 4; b2 and b3 are eachindependently an integer of 1 to 3; and in Formula 3, R₁₂₁ to R₁₂₄ areeach independently selected from hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or asalt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₆₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, or a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group.
 2. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1,wherein the blue emission layer emits blue light by a fluorescentemission mechanism.
 3. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1,wherein the interlayer directly contacts each of the blue emission layerand the hole-transporting region.
 4. The organic light-emitting deviceof claim 1, wherein, in Formulae 9 and 4, Ar₁₁, Ar₁₂, Ar₁₃, Ar₁₁₁, andAr₁₁₂ are each independently, a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group,an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, aheptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, afluorenylene group, spiro-fluorenylene group, phenalenylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenegroup, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylenegroup, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pyrrolylenegroup, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a pyridinylenegroup, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylenegroup, an isoindolylene group, an indolylene group, an indazolylenegroup, a purinylene group, a quinolinylene group, benzoquinolinylenegroup, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, aquinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, acarbazolylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group,a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzooxazolylenegroup, a benzoimidazolylene group, a furanylene group, benzofuranylenegroup, thiophenylene group, benzothiophenylene group, a thiazolylenegroup, an isothiazolylene group, benzothiazolylene group, anisoxazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, atetrazolylene group, an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylene group, abenzooxazolylene group, dibenzofuranylene group, dibenzothiophenylenegroup, or a benzocarbazolyl group; or a phenylene group, a pentalenylenegroup, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, aheptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, afluorenylene group, spiro-fluorenylene group, phenalenylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylenegroup, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylenegroup, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylenegroup, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pyrrolylenegroup, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a pyridinylenegroup, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylenegroup, an isoindolylene group, an indolylene group, an indazolylenegroup, a purinylene group, a quinolinylene group, benzoquinolinylenegroup, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, aquinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, acarbazolylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group,a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzooxazolylenegroup, a benzoimidazolylene group, a furanylene group, benzofuranylenegroup, thiophenylene group, benzothiophenylene group, a thiazolylenegroup, an isothiazolylene group, benzothiazolylene group, anisoxazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, atetrazolylene group, an oxadiazolylene group, a triazinylene group, abenzooxazolylene group, dibenzofuranylene group, dibenzothiophenylenegroup, or a benzocarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least onesubstituent selected from, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀ alkylgroup and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of adeuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, and a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group ora C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or C₂-C₂₀ heteroarylgroup, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogenatom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or asalt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenylgroup, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenylcarbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or anisoquinolinyl group; —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂) or —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ toQ₁₅ are each independently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group).
 5. Theorganic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein, in Formulae 9 and 4,Ar₁₁, Ar₁₂, Ar₁₃, Ar₁₁₁, and Ar₁₁₂ are each independently represented byany one of Formulae 10-1 to 10-24:

wherein, in Formulae 10-1 to 10-24 above, Y₁ is O, S, C(R₂₁)(R₂₂), orN(R₂₃); Z₁, Z₂, and R₂₁ to R₂₃ are each independently selected from ahydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀heteroaryl group; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, adiphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group,a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group;and —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), or —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group,a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group); wherein d1 is aninteger of 1 to 4; d2 is an integer of 1 to 3; d3 is an integer of 1 to6; d4 is an integer of 1 to 8; d5 is 1 or 2; and * and *′ representconnections to Ar₁₁₃, Ar₁₁₄, N, or A₁ in Formulas 1 and
 4. 6. Theorganic light-emitting device of claim 5, wherein Z₁, Z₂, and R₂₁ to R₂₃are each independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium, a halogenatom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or asalt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; aC₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof; aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group,a carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or anisoquinolinyl group; a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group, each substitutedwith at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dimethylfluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, or an isoquinolinyl group; —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂) or —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅)(wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are each independently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenylfluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group, apyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinylgroup).
 7. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein, inFormulae 9 and 4, Ar₁₁, Ar₁₂, Ar₁₃, Ar₁₁₁, and Ar₁₁₂ are eachindependently represented by any one of Formulae 11-1 to 11-11:

* and *′ represent connections to Ar₁₁₃, Ar₁₁₄, N, or A₁ in Formulas 1and
 4. 8. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein, inFormula 4, Ar₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆ are each independently selected from, a phenylgroup, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, anazulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, afuranyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a thiophenyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, abenzothiazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, atriazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinylgroup, a benzooxazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, or a benzocarbazolyl group; or a phenyl group,a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, aphenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, atriphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenylgroup, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, ahexacenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolylgroup, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, aphthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, aquinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzooxazolyl group, a benzoimidazolyl group, afuranyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a thiophenyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, abenzothiazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, atriazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinylgroup, a benzooxazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, adibenzothiophenyl group, or a benzocarbazolyl group, each substitutedwith at least one substituent of, a deuterium, a halogen atom, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or asalt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least oneof a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, acarboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a saltthereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group ora C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroarylgroup, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogenatom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or asalt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, aC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenylgroup, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenylcarbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or anisoquinolinyl group; —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), or —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁to Q₁₅ are each independently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxygroup, a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group).
 9. Theorganic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein, in Formula 4, Ar₁₁₃to Ar₁₁₆ are each independently selected from any one of Formulae 12-1to 12-22:

wherein, in Formulae 12-1 to 12-22, Y₂ is O, S, C(R₂₅)(R₂₆), or N(R₂₇);Z₁₁ to Z₁₄ and R₂₅ to R₂₇ are each independently selected from, ahydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀heteroaryl group; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, adiphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group,a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group;—N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂); or —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are eachindependently a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a C₆-C₂₀ arylgroup, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group); wherein, e1 is an integer of 1 to5; e2 is an integer of 1 to 7; e3 is an integer of 1 to 3; e4 is aninteger of 1 to 4; e5 is 1 or 2; and * represents a connection tophenyl, Ar₁₁₁, Ar₁₁₂, N, or A₁ in Formula
 4. 10. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 1, wherein, in Formula 4, Ar₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆are each independently represented by any one of Formulae 13-1 to 13-19:

wherein, in Formulae 131 to 13-19, Z_(11a) to Z_(11c), R₂₅, and R₂₆ areeach independently selected from, a deuterium, a halogen atom, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or asalt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at leastone of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone,a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or asalt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof; a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, apyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or anisoquinolinyl group; and a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dimethylfluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, or an isoquinolinyl group and wherein * represents a connectionto phenyl, N, Ar₁₁₁, Ar₁₁₂ or A₁.
 11. The organic light-emitting deviceof claim 10, wherein, in Formulae 13-1 to 13-19, Z_(11a) to Z_(11e),R₂₅, and R₂₆ are each independently selected from a deuterium, a halogenatom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, anamidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or asalt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acidor a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; aC₁-C₂₀ alkyl group or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with atleast one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyanogroup, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, or a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof; aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group,a carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinylgroup, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or anisoquinolinyl group; or a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, apyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group, each substitutedwith at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dimethylfluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, aphenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, apyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinylgroup, or an isoquinolinyl group.
 12. The organic light-emitting deviceof claim 1, wherein the compound of Formula 9 comprises at least one ofCompounds 721 to 730:


13. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein thehole-transporting region further comprises at least one ofN,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-bis-[4-(phenyl-m-tolyl-amino)-phenyl]-biphenyl-4,4′-diamine(DNTPD), 4,4′,4″-tris (3-methylphenylphenylamino) triphenylamine(m-MTDATA), N,N′-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine) (NPB), TDATA,2-TNATA, N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-[1,1-biphenyl]-4,4′-diamine (TPD), or4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine) (TCTA).
 14. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the compound of Formula 2 isrepresented by Formula 2A(1) or 2B(1):

wherein, in Formulae 2A(1) and 2B(1), R₁ to R₄, Ar₁ to Ar₃, a1, a2, anda3 are the same as in claim
 1. 15. The organic light-emitting device ofclaim 1, wherein the compound of Formula 2 is one of Compounds 309 to320 and the compound of Formula 3 is one of Compounds 301 to 308:


16. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein thehole-transporting region comprises a hole-transporting layer and a holeinjecting-layer disposed between the hole-transporting layer and thefirst electrode.
 17. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1,wherein in Formula 4, Ar₁₁₁ and Ar₁₁₂ are each independently selectedfrom a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a phenanthrenylene group,or a pyrenylene group; or a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, aphenanthrenylene group, a fluorenyl group, and a pyrenylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or ananthracenyl group; Ar₁₁₃ to Ar₁₁₆ are each independently selected from,a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group substituted with at least one of a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, or an anthracenyl group; a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ora fluorenyl group; a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenylgroup, a pyrenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, and a fluorenyl group,each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a saltthereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or asalt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group,an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, fluorenylgroup; or

wherein * represents a connection to Ar₁₁₂, Ar₁₁₁, or A₁.
 18. Theorganic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the blue emissionlayer further comprises a dopant and the dopant comprises a compoundrepresented by Formula 500 below:Ar₂₀₀—[N(Ar₂₀₁)(Ar₂₀₂)]_(x1)  <Formula 500> wherein, in Formula 500,Ar₂₀₀ is selected from, anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, phenanthrene, orbenzofluorene; or anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, phenanthrene, orbenzofluorene, each substituted with at least one of, a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof or a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group; and a C₆-C₂₀aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, each substituted with at leastone of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone,a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or asalt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group,a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group,a dimethyl fluorenyl group, a diphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolylgroup, a phenyl carbazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinylgroup, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, aquinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group; Ar₂₀₁ and Ar₂₀₂ are eachindependently represented by one of Formulae 12-1 to 12-22; and x₁ is 1or 2:

wherein, in Formulae 12-1 to 12-22, Y₂ is O, S, C(R₂₅)(R₂₆) or N(R₂₇);Z₁₁ to Z₁₄, and R₂₅ to R₂₇ are each independently selected from, ahydrogen, a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group,a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine, ahydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a salt thereof, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, or a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group; a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group and a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one of a deuterium, ahalogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an aminogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acidgroup or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, or aphosphoric acid or a salt thereof; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀heteroaryl group; a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group, eachsubstituted with at least one of a deuterium, a halogen atom, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, ahydrazine, a hydrazone, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, asulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid or a saltthereof, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a dimethyl fluorenyl group, adiphenyl fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenyl carbazolyl group,a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, or an isoquinolinyl group;or —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂) or —Si(Q₁₃)(Q₁₄)(Q₁₅) (wherein, Q₁₁ to Q₁₅ are eachindependently selected from a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group,a C₆-C₂₀ aryl group, or a C₂-C₂₀ heteroaryl group); wherein e1 is aninteger of 1 to 5; e2 is an integer of 1 to 7; e3 is an integer of 1 to3; e4 is an integer of 1 to 4; or e5 is 1 or 2; and * represents aconnection to N.